| Imishanguzo
yesandulela ngculazi: Sikuphi manje?
 Imishanguzo
yesandulela ngculazi: Sikuphi manje?
Ngenyanga ka-April 2004, emva kokucindezela kwesishayamthetho
kanye nezinhlangano ezifana neTAC, uhulumeni uthathe
izinyathelo zokuqala uhlelo lokunakekela abanesandulela
ngculazi nengculazi, kanye nezinhlelo zokwelapha
iNingizimu Afrika yonke. Manje sekuyisikhathi
esihle sokubuza ukuthi sesihambe kangakanani ekunikezeni
iminshanguzo kulabo abayidingayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba sibuke inqubekela phambili eseyenziwe
mayelana nokukwishwa kwemishnguzo (ARV’s)
kubalulekile ukuba sigcizelele ukuthi imishanguzo
inikezwa abantu abanesandulela ngculazi osibalo
samasotsha omzimba wabo singaphansi kuka 200,
abazimisele ukuba baziwe ngomunye ukuthi banalo
igciwane ukuze bathole ukunakekeleka. Ngaphambi
kokuqala imishanguzo isiguli kufanele sifundiswe
esibhedlela naseklinikhi ukuthi ithathwa kanjani
imithi nokubaluleka kokuqikelela ukuthatha imithi
ngokuyalelwa udokotela.
Injongo yaloluhlelo oluphelele kwakungukunikeza
imishanguzo kubantu abanesandulela ngculazi ababalelwa
ku 53000 ngo March 2004. Akufinyelelwanga-ke esibalweni
esasiqokiwe. Umnyango wezempilo ube usubuyekeza
inhloso yawo wabe usuzibophezela ukunika abantu
abangu 53000 ngo March 2005.
ENingizimu Afrika yonkana eziwu 50 kweziwu 53
izifunda zezempilo zinesikhungo okungenani esisodwa
esethula imishanguzo. Kodwa ukwengeza kulezizikhungo
ezinika imithi, izikhungo zokuhlaziya (laboratories)
ziyadingeka ukuhlaziya amasosha omzimba namazinga
egciwane. Ezikhungwini zokuhlaziya zezempilo kuzwelonke
eziwu 250 ezisemthethweni, ziwu 20 kuphela okwamanje
ezikhethiwe ukuba zihlaziye amasosha omzimba kanti
ziwu 7 ezihlola izinga legciwane. Nakuba ziyingcosana,
lezizikhungo zinakho konke ezikudingayo kanti
zisebenza ngendlela egculilisayo.
Noma kunjalo, ngo September 2004, umnyango wathi
ziwu 12000 kuphela iziguli ezithola imishanguzo
kuzwelonke. Eziningi zaleziziguli, ezibalelwa
cishe ku7500 ezase-Gauteng nase Mpumalanga yeKapa.
ELimpompo naseMpumalanga kuhlanganisiwe, bangaphansi
kuka 300 abantu abathola imishanguzo. KwaZulu
Natali izikhungo eziwu 31 zelapha abantu abawu
1556. Kulezizibalo kuyacaca ukuthi ngesikhathi
ngesikhathi abantu belashwa kodwa uhulumeni ungemuva
ngokwesikahthi esibekiwe, ikakhulu ngoba imishanguzo
ikhona ezikhungwini ezimbalwa ezweni lonke.
Izizathu ezinikezwe ngumnyango ngokuthi kuqaleke
kancane zifaka lezi:
• Isidingo sokuqinisa izindlela zezempilo
– njengokuthi nje ezinye izikhungo zidinga
ukuveselela izakhiwo ukuze zihambisane nemigomo
yokwethula imishanguzo; kanti futhi izindlela
zokuphathwa nokugcinwa kolwazi kufanele zifakwe
kulezizikhungo.
• Isidingo sabasebenzi nokqeqesho –
kunokushoda kakhulu kwabasebenzi bezempilo njengodokotela,
abahlengikazi, abezemithi, abezokudla, nabalulekayo
kwezempilo yomphakathi. Esinye sezizathu ukuthi
abasebenzi bezempilo baye ezinkampanini, kanti
abanye sebeye emazweni angaphandle. Umnyango
wezempilo umatasatasa wakha uhlelolokugcina
nokuqeqesha abasebenzi, okufanele lulunge ngo
2005. Enye yezinto kuloluhlelo ukuthi, njengesibonelo,
ukubakhokhela okuthe xaxa abasebenzela ezindaweni
zasemakhaya.
• Ukwamukela kwamathenda okukhipha imishanguzo
iqale ngo February 2004 kanti awukanikezwa muntu
lomsebenzi, ngakhoke izifundazwe kudingeke ukuthi
zizifunele zona imithi.
Yebo khona akubalulekile kangako ukuthi bangaki
abantu abalashwayo, kodwa ukuthi ukuthi balapheka
ngendlela yini. Uhlaka lokulandelela nokuhlala
lokhu selwakhiwe nguhulumeni ukuze ulandelele
ukwethulwa kwaloluhlelo. Izinkomba ezizosebenziswa
ukulandelela, zizibheka ukuqhubeka kwesiguli kanye
nokwenza kwaso ngokuheka kulokhu, imithi, ukulandelwa
kwayo, ukubiza kwayo, ukuqhubeka kokwelapha, ubunjalo
bosizo, kanye nokubuyiselwa ohlelweni lwezempilo.
Ukunezela kulokhu uhlelo olusha olusebenza nge-computer
lokubheka ukugcunwa kwemishanguzo luzokwakhiwa
ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, oluzonciphisa ukulahleka
kwemithi ngoba imithi izolandeleka ukusuka kulowo
oyikhiphayo kuya esigulini esiyitholayo.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwengculazi
lweminyaka emihlanu lukahulumeni, yile yokuthi
ukuvilela kungumgogodla womgomo wesandulela ngculazi
nengculazi. Ukuhlola igciwane ngokuzikhethela
(VCT) kukhona ezikhungwini eziwu 3072 eNingizimu
Afrika ( zingakafakwa izikhungo ezizimele) kanti
ukungena kwabantu ku VCT sekuphindaphindwe kabili
kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Okuhamba phambili kwezokuvikela
ngo 2004, kwaba ukwethulwa kwamakhondomu amasha
ethulwa umkhankaso uKhomonani. Lamakhondomu apakishwe
emaphepheni aluhlaza ngokusasibhakabhaka nokuphuzi,
ayatholakala ezweni lonke. Ukusakazwa kwamakhondomu
abesifazane kunyuke kusuka ezikhungweni eziwu
114 kuya ku 203, kanti umnyango ukholwa ukuthi
maningi amakhondomu azokhishwa ngonyaka ozayo.
I-Choice Khondomu
Ukwethulwa kwaloluhlelo kuxhaswe imikhankaso eyahlukene
yolwazi, ezokufundisa kanye nezokuxhumana. Izincwajana
eziwu 10 000 ezichaza ngemishanguzo kubantu abadala
zikhishiwe; eziwu 11 million ezokuvikela, ukunakekela,
nokulashwa, zikhishiwe ezweni lonke, ukukhangisa
kumabonakude, emsakazweni, kanye nakumaphephandaba
kusetshenziswe ukufundisa bonke abaseNingizimu
Afrika ngohlelo; ucingo losizo lwesandulela ngculazi
lukhona ku (0800 012 322) ngazo zonke izilimi
ezisemthethweni kuwo wonke umuntu odinga ukwalulekwa;
kanti imizamo yokuhlanganisa isetshenziswe ukuqinisekisa
ukuthi abantu abaphila negciwane bayakuthola ukunakekelwa
nokulapheka, nokusekelwa emiphakathini abaphila
kuyo.
 Ukuhlelela
ukwethulwa kwemishanguzo kuthathe iminyaka eminingi.
Manje sisohambeni ekugcineni kubalulekile ukubheka
ukuthi sesihambe kangakanani. Okubaluleke kakhulu
ukuthi sibheke phambili ukuthi ingakanani indima
esisazoyihamba. Kuzoba nezihibe nezingqinambi.
INingizimu Afrika iyabadinga abasebenzi bezempilo
ukusekela labo abasebenza kwezempilo yomphakathi,
kanti kufanele kutholakale izixazululo zezinkinga
ezinjengokushoda kwezinto zokuthutha iziguli ezindaweni
ezisemakhaya. Sihamba kancane. Kuzothatha ukuthi
bonke ababambe iqhaza – izikhungo zikahulumeni,
umphakathi, izinhlangano ezizimele, abezenkolo-
basebenze kanzima ukuze sifike lapho siya khona.
Sizibe sesifikile uma imishanguzo itholwa yiwo
wonke umuntu mahhala.
Izibalo ezivele kulombhalo zivela:
Emnyangweni wezempilo (2004). Ushicilelo: Ukubuyekeza
ukulandelela – umbiko wenqubekela phambili
ekwethulweni kohlelo lwesandulela ngculazi nengculazi
lokunakekela, ukuphatha nokwelapha.
“Missing the Mark”, ocashunwe ephephendabeni
iMail and Gurdian, 19 October 2004.
Isithombe sizibalo
Ngonyaka odlule iUNAIDS yakhipha umbiko wayo ilinganisela
amazinga okutheleleka ngengculazi emhlabeni wonke,
ekupheleni kuka 2003. Umnyango wezempilo nawo
wathula owawo umbiko ngo 2003, okhombisa izibalo
zengculazi ngokwezwe lonke, nangokwezifundazwe.
Lesi isithombe sezinye zezibalo zesandulela ngculazi
nengculazi izilanganinso ezikulemibiko.
Isithombe sizibalo
Ngonyaka odlule iUNAIDS yakhipha umbiko wayo ilinganisela
amazinga okutheleleka ngengculazi emhlabeni wonke,
ekupheleni kuka 2003. Umnyango wezempilo nawo
wathula owawo umbiko ngo 2003, okhombisa izibalo
zengculazi ngokwezwe lonke, nangokwezifundazwe.
Lesi isithombe sezinye zezibalo zesandulela ngculazi
nengculazi izilanganinso ezikulemibiko.
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